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Information Diffusion & Influence Pathways

This line of work studies how information spreads through social systems and how influence can be measured across actors and communities. It spans my doctoral research, diffusion models, and DARPA MIPS work on influence pathways using transfer entropy and network-based methods.

A diagram of three online communities connected by directed influence pathways of varying strength, with the dominant direction of influence shifting between community pairs over time.

Information diffusion

Chathura’s doctoral dissertation, Models of Information Diffusion and the Role of Influence, examined how local behavioral rules and network structure combine to produce large-scale patterns of information spread. That question — how does individual behavior aggregate into population-level diffusion dynamics? — anchors this entire line of work.

From diffusion to influence

Diffusion models describe that information spreads; influence measurement asks which actors and relationships actually drove that spread. Moving from one to the other requires methods that can attribute directional influence between individuals and communities, not just describe aggregate spread curves.

Measuring pathways

Through the DARPA Modeling Influence Pathways (MIPS) initiative — a sustained, cross-institutional collaboration between UCF, North Carolina State University, and MIT — Chathura developed methodology and an interactive dashboard using transfer-entropy-based methods to identify inter- and intra-community influence pathways in information-diffusion environments.

Transfer entropy

Transfer entropy is an information-theoretic measure of directed influence between time series: it quantifies how much knowing one actor’s past behavior reduces uncertainty about another actor’s future behavior, beyond what that actor’s own history already explains. Applied to social media activity, it lets researchers infer directional influence pathways without assuming a fixed network structure in advance.

Influence-network construction

To support this kind of analysis at scale, Chathura developed the Influence Network Generator (ING), an open-source Python package for constructing influence networks from online social media data, later adopted in further DARPA-funded diffusion research.

Interactive analysis

Chathura conceived the methodology and led algorithm design, system architecture, and visualization for the Transfer Entropy Interactive Dashboard, which was presented as the official final deliverable to the DARPA-MIPS program.

My contribution

Chathura’s dissertation work established the diffusion-modeling foundation for this project; he was sole developer of ING and lead developer of the Transfer Entropy Interactive Dashboard, and is an author across the diffusion and influence publications listed below.

This project’s influence-measurement methods build on the behavioral premises first developed for the Multi-Action Cascade Model in the DARPA SocialSim work, and its statistical treatment of user behavior connects to the categorical functional data analysis project.

My contribution

Chathura's dissertation established the diffusion/influence modeling foundation for this line of work. He was sole developer of the Influence Network Generator and lead developer — conceiving the methodology and leading algorithm design, system architecture, and visualization — of the Transfer Entropy Interactive Dashboard presented as the official final deliverable to the DARPA-MIPS program.

Collaborators


Publications

Publications

2023

A Generalization of Threshold-based and Probability-based Models of Information Diffusion

Jayalath, C., Gunaratne, C., Rand, W., Senevirathna, C., Garibay, I.

Advances in Complex Systems

Proposes a unified model generalizing threshold-based and probability-based approaches to information diffusion.

  • Information Diffusion
  • Agent-Based Modeling

Verification note: The CV does not list a volume, issue, page range, or DOI for this article — confirm final bibliographic details before publishing a citation-ready reference.

2019

A theory of extended working memory and its role in online conversation dynamics

Gunaratne, C., Baral, N., Rand, W., Garibay, I., Jayalath, C., Senevirathna, C.

arXiv preprint

Proposes a theory of extended working memory to explain patterns in online conversation dynamics.

  • Agent-Based Modeling

2024

Analyzing X's Web of Influence: Dissecting News Sharing Dynamics Through Credibility and Popularity with Transfer Entropy and Multiplex Network Measures

Abdidizaji, S., Baekey, A., Jayalath, C., Mantzaris, A., Garibay, O., Garibay, I.

International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), pp. 124–138, Springer Nature Switzerland

Uses transfer entropy and multiplex network measures to analyze how credibility and popularity shape news-sharing dynamics on X (Twitter).

  • Transfer Entropy
  • Network Analysis

2022

Entropy-Based Characterization of Influence Pathways in Traditional and Social Media

Garibay, O., Yousefi, N., Aslett, K., Baggio, J., Hemberg, E., Jayalath, C., Mantzaris, A., Miller, B., O'Reilly, U., Rand, W., Senevirathna, C., Garibay, I.

2022 IEEE 8th International Conference on Collaboration and Internet Computing (CIC), pp. 38–44, IEEE

Characterizes influence pathways across traditional and social media using entropy-based measures.

  • Transfer Entropy

2020

The effects of information overload on online conversation dynamics

Gunaratne, C., Baral, N., Rand, W., Garibay, I., Jayalath, C., Senevirathna, C.

Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 26, 255–276

Examines how information overload affects the dynamics of online conversations.

  • Agent-Based Modeling

2021

Deep agent: Studying the dynamics of information spread and evolution in social networks

Garibay, I., Oghaz, T., Yousefi, N., Mutlu, E., Schiappa, M., Scheinert, S., Anagnastopoulos, G., Bouwens, C., Fiore, S., Mantzaris, A., Murphy, J., Rand, W., Salter, A., Stanfill, M., Sukthankar, G., Baral, N., Fair, G., Gunaratne, C., Hajiakhoond, N., Jasser, J., Jayalath, C., Newton, O., Saadat, S., Seneviratna, C., Winter, R., Zhang, X.

Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference of The Computational Social Science Society of the Americas, pp. 153–169, Springer International Publishing

Presents the Deep Agent framework for studying the dynamics of information spread and evolution in social networks.

  • Agent-Based Modeling

2019

Evidence of influence hierarchies in Github's cryptocurrency community

Senevirathna, C., Gunaratne, C., Jayalath, C., Baral, N., Garibay, I.

Computational Social Science Society of the Americas (CSSSA), Santa Fe, NM

Presents evidence of influence hierarchies among participants in GitHub's cryptocurrency community.

  • Network Analysis

2021

Negative influence gradients lead to lowered information processing capacity on social networks

Baral, N., Gunaratne, C., Jayalath, C., Rand, W., Senevirathna, C., Garibay, I.

Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference of The Computational Social Science Society of the Americas, pp. 265–275, Springer International Publishing

Shows that negative gradients in influence lower the information-processing capacity of social networks.

  • Agent-Based Modeling
  • Information Diffusion

Verification note: CV lists publication year as 2021 for proceedings of the 2019 conference — preserved as given.

2026

Comparing community-based interventions versus population-wide response in information diffusion on social media platforms

Jayalath, C., Champon, X., Rand, W., Jasser, J., Garibay, O., Garibay, I.

Data & Policy (Cambridge University Press), 8, e4

Compares targeted, community-based intervention strategies against population-wide responses for shaping information diffusion outcomes on social media.

  • Information Diffusion
  • Agent-Based Modeling
  • Network Analysis

2021

Influence Cascades: Entropy-Based Characterization of Behavioral Influence Patterns in Social Media

Senevirathna, C., Gunaratne, C., Rand, W., Jayalath, C., Garibay, I.

Entropy, 23(2), 160

Characterizes behavioral influence patterns in social media cascades using entropy-based measures.

  • Transfer Entropy

In preparation

Quantifying the Effect of Clustering Coefficient on Models of Information Diffusion

Jayalath, C., Champon, X., Rand, W., Senevirathna, C., Garibay, I.

In preparation

Quantifies how network clustering coefficient affects outcomes of information diffusion models.

  • Network Analysis
  • Information Diffusion

Verification note: The CV lists this same title both as a manuscript "in preparation" and, under Conference Presentations, as presented in 2019 at CSS Santa Fe (with a URL pointing to the 2023 CSS conference page). It's unclear from the CV whether the presentation and the in-preparation manuscript are the same work at different stages, or whether one of the dates/URLs is a typo — confirm before publishing both a talk listing and a publication listing for this title.

In preparation

Characterizing Influencer's Stability through Cascade Growth

Jayalath, C., Champon, X., Dicky, D., Rand, W., Garibay, I.

In preparation

Investigates how the growth patterns of information cascades relate to the stability of an influencer's position over time.

  • Network Analysis

Software

Code & software

brandpy

Python package

Sole developer

A Python package interfacing with the Brandwatch API, enabling automated data retrieval and preprocessing for social-media research.

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Influence Network Generator (ING)

Python package

Sole developer

An open-source Python package for generating influence networks from online social-media data, supporting large-scale diffusion modeling. Adopted in DARPA-funded research on information propagation.

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Transfer Entropy Interactive Dashboard

Research system

Lead developer

An analytical system implementing transfer-entropy-based methods to identify inter- and intra-community influence pathways in information-diffusion environments. Chathura conceived the methodology and led algorithm design, system architecture, and visualization. Presented as the official final deliverable to the DARPA-MIPS program.

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Related

Related research